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FreeBSD-SA-03:08.realpath                                   Security Advisory
                                                          The FreeBSD Project

Topic:          Single byte buffer overflow in realpath(3)

Category:       core
Module:         libc
Announced:      2003-08-03
Credits:        Janusz Niewiadomski <funkysh@isec.pl>,
                Wojciech Purczynski <cliph@isec.pl>,
                CERT/CC
Affects:        All releases of FreeBSD up to and including 4.8-RELEASE
                and 5.0-RELEASE
                FreeBSD 4-STABLE prior to May 22 17:11:44 2003 UTC
Corrected:      2003-08-03 23:46:24 UTC (RELENG_5_0)
                2003-08-03 23:43:43 UTC (RELENG_4_8)
                2003-08-03 23:44:12 UTC (RELENG_4_7)
                2003-08-03 23:44:36 UTC (RELENG_4_6)
                2003-08-03 23:44:56 UTC (RELENG_4_5)
                2003-08-03 23:45:41 UTC (RELENG_4_4)
                2003-08-03 23:46:03 UTC (RELENG_4_3)
                2003-08-03 23:47:39 UTC (RELENG_3)
FreeBSD only:   NO

0.   Revision History

v1.0  2003-08-03  Initial release
v1.1  2003-08-04  Updated information for lukemftpd

I.   Background

The realpath(3) function is used to determine the canonical,
absolute pathname from a given pathname which may contain extra
``/'' characters, references to ``/./'' or ``/../'', or references
to symbolic links.  The realpath(3) function is part of the FreeBSD
Standard C Library.

II.  Problem Description

An off-by-one error exists in a portion of realpath(3) that computes
the length of the resolved pathname.  As a result, if the resolved
path name is exactly 1024 characters long and contains at least
two directory separators, the buffer passed to realpath(3) will be
overwritten by a single NUL byte.

III. Impact

Applications using realpath(3) MAY be vulnerable to denial of service
attacks, remote code execution, and/or privilege escalation.  The
impact on an individual application is highly dependent upon the
source of the pathname passed to realpath, the position of the output
buffer on the stack, the architecture on which the application is
running, and other factors.

Within the FreeBSD base system, several applications use realpath(3).
Two applications which are negatively impacted are:

(1) lukemftpd(8), an alternative FTP server: realpath(3) is used to
    process the MLST and MLSD commands.  The vulnerability may be
    exploitable, leading to code execution with superuser privileges.

    lukemftpd(8) was installed (but not enabled) by default in
    4.7-RELEASE and in 4-STABLE dated Jun 20 21:13:33 2002 UTC through
    Nov 12 17:32:47 2002 UTC. It is not built or installed by default
    in any other release.

    If the `-r' option to lukemftpd is used (as suggested by the
    example /etc/inetd.conf supplied in 4.7-RELEASE), then successful
    exploitation leads to code execution with the privileges of
    the authenticated user (rather than superuser privileges).

(2) sftp-server(8), part of OpenSSH: realpath(3) is used to process
    chdir commands.  This vulnerability may be exploitable, leading
    to code execution with the privileges of the authenticated user.

At the time of 4.8-RELEASE, the FreeBSD Ports Collection contained
the following applications which appear to use realpath(3).  These
applications have not been audited, and may or may not be vulnerable.
There may be additional applications in the FreeBSD Ports Collection
that use realpath(3), particularly statically-linked applications and
applications added since 4.8-RELEASE.

BitchX-1.0c19_1
Mowitz-0.2.1_1
XFree86-clients-4.3.0_1
abcache-0.14
aim-1.5.234
analog-5.24,1
anjuta-1.0.1_1
aolserver-3.4.2
argus-2.0.5
arm-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
avr-gdb-5.2.1
ccache-2.1.1
cdparanoia-3.9.8_4
cfengine-1.6.3_4
cfengine2-2.0.3
cmake-1.4.7
comserv-1.4.3
criticalmass-0.97
dedit-0.6.2.3_1
drweb_postfix-4.29.10a
drweb-4.29.2
drweb_sendmail-4.29.10a
edonkey-gui-gtk-0.5.0
enca-0.10.7
epic4-1.0.1_2
evolution-1.2.2_1
exim-3.36_1
exim-4.12_5
exim-ldap-4.12_5
exim-ldap2-4.12_5
exim-mysql-4.12_5
exim-postgresql-4.12_5
fam-2.6.9_2
fastdep-0.15
feh-1.2.4_1
ferite-0.99.6
fileutils-4.1_1
finfo-0.1
firebird-1.0.2
firebird-1.0.r2
frontpage-5.0.2.2623_1
galeon-1.2.8
galeon2-1.3.2_1
gdb-5.3_20030311
gdb-5.2.1_1
gdm2-2.4.1.3
gecc-20021119
gentoo-0.11.34
gkrellmvolume-2.1.7
gltron-0.61
global-4.5.1
gnat-3.15p
gnomelibs-1.4.2_1
gprolog-1.2.16
gracula-3.0
gringotts-1.2.3
gtranslator-0.43_1
gvd-1.2.5
hercules-2.16.5
hte-0.7.0
hugs98-200211
i386-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
i960-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
installwatch-0.5.6
ivtools-1.0.6
ja-epic4-1.0.1_2
ja-gnomelibs-1.4.2_1
ja-msdosfs-20001027
ja-samba-2.2.7a.j1.1_1
kdebase-3.1_1
kdelibs-3.1
kermit-8.0.206
ko-BitchX-1.0c16_3
ko-msdosfs-20001027
leocad-0.73
libfpx-1.2.0.4_1
libgnomeui-2.2.0.1
libpdel-0.3.4
librep-0.16.1_1
linux-beonex-0.8.1
linux-divxplayer-0.2.0
linux-edonkey-gui-gtk-0.2.0.a.2002.02.22
linux-gnomelibs-1.2.8_2
linux-mozilla-1.2
linux-netscape-communicator-4.8
linux-netscape-navigator-4.8
linux-phoenix-0.3
linux_base-6.1_4
linux_base-7.1_2
lsh-1.5.1
lukemftpd-1.1_1
m68k-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
mips-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
mod_php4-4.3.1
moscow_ml-2.00_1
mozilla-1.0.2_1
mozilla-1.2.1_1,2
mozilla-1.2.1_2
mozilla-1.3b,1
mozilla-1.3b
mozilla-embedded-1.0.2_1
mozilla-embedded-1.2.1_1,2
mozilla-embedded-1.3b,1
msyslog-1.08f_1
netraider-0.0.2
openag-1.1.1_1
openssh-portable-3.5p1_1
openssh-3.5
p5-PPerl-0.23
paragui-1.0.2_2
powerpc-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
psim-freebsd-5.2.1
ptypes-1.7.4
pure-ftpd-1.0.14
qiv-1.8
readlink-20010616
reed-5.4
rox-1.3.6_1
rox-session-0.1.18_1
rpl-1.4.0
rpm-3.0.6_6
samba-2.2.8
samba-3.0a20
scrollkeeper-0.3.11_8,1
sh-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
sharity-light-1.2_1
siag-3.4.10
skipstone-0.8.3
sparc-rtems-gdb-5.2_1
squeak-2.7
squeak-3.2
swarm-2.1.1
tcl-8.2.3_2
tcl-8.3.5
tcl-8.4.1,1
tcl-thread-8.1.b1
teTeX-2.0.2_1
wine-2003.02.19
wml-2.0.8
worker-2.7.0
xbubble-0.2
xerces-c2-2.1.0_1
xerces_c-1.7.0
xnview-1.50
xscreensaver-gnome-4.08
xscreensaver-4.08
xworld-2.0
yencode-0.46_1
zh-cle_base-0.9p1
zh-tcl-8.3.0
zh-tw-BitchX-1.0c19_3
zh-ve-1.0
zh-xemacs-20.4_1

IV.  Workaround

There is no generally applicable workaround.

OpenSSH's sftp-server(8) may be disabled by editing
/etc/ssh/sshd_config and commenting out the following line by
inserting a `#' as the first character:

  Subsystem       sftp    /usr/libexec/sftp-server

lukemftpd(8) may be replaced by the default ftpd(8).

V.   Solution

1) Upgrade your vulnerable system to 4.8-STABLE
or to any of the RELENG_5_1 (5.1-RELEASE), RELENG_4_8
(4.8-RELEASE-p1), or RELENG_4_7 (4.7-RELEASE-p11) security branches
dated after the respective correction dates.

2) To patch your present system:

a) Download the relevant patch from the location below, and verify the
detached PGP signature using your PGP utility.  The following patch
has been tested to apply to all FreeBSD 4.x releases and to FreeBSD
5.0-RELEASE.

# fetch ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/patches/SA-03:08/realpath.patch
# fetch ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/patches/SA-03:08/realpath.patch.asc

b) Apply the patch.

# cd /usr/src
# patch < /path/to/patch

c) Recompile your operating system as described in
<URL:http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/makeworld.html>.

NOTE WELL:  Any statically linked applications that are not part of
the base system (i.e. from the Ports Collection or other 3rd-party
sources) must be recompiled.

All affected applications must be restarted for them to use the
corrected library.  Though not required, rebooting may be the easiest
way to accomplish this.

VI.  Correction details

The following list contains the revision numbers of each file that was
corrected in FreeBSD.

Branch                                                           Revision
  Path
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
RELENG_3
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                  1.6.2.1
RELENG_4_3
  src/UPDATING                                             1.73.2.28.2.32
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                  1.9.4.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                  1.44.2.14.2.22
RELENG_4_4
  src/UPDATING                                             1.73.2.43.2.45
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                  1.9.6.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                  1.44.2.17.2.36
RELENG_4_5
  src/UPDATING                                             1.73.2.50.2.44
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                  1.9.8.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                  1.44.2.20.2.28
RELENG_4_6
  src/UPDATING                                             1.73.2.68.2.42
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                 1.9.10.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                  1.44.2.23.2.31
RELENG_4_7
  src/UPDATING                                             1.73.2.74.2.14
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                 1.9.12.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                  1.44.2.26.2.13
RELENG_4_8
  src/UPDATING                                              1.73.2.80.2.3
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                 1.9.14.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                   1.44.2.29.2.2
RELENG_5_0
  src/UPDATING                                                 1.229.2.14
  src/lib/libc/stdlib/realpath.c                                 1.11.2.1
  src/sys/conf/newvers.sh                                        1.48.2.9
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

VII.  References

<URL:http://isec.pl/vulnerabilities/isec-0011-wu-ftpd.txt>
<URL:http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/743092>
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